<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="1"?>
<pra datepubli="2021-10-01" lastupdate="2021-10-01">
 <uuid>aa43e4f8-7092-445b-84c1-af9f40bdae01</uuid>
 <country>EPPO</country>
 <datepra>2015-09-30</datepra>
 <title>Express PRA for &lt;i&gt;Geosmithia morbida&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Pityophthorus juglandis&lt;/i&gt;</title>
 <description><![CDATA[<p>Overall<strong>&nbsp;</strong>assessment of risk: The likelihood of entry is estimated as high, especially on wood (with or without bark) of Juglans and Pterocarya and untreated wood packaging material. Plants for planting are also a very suitable entry pathway, if there is a trade.&nbsp;</p><p>Establishment is likely where Juglans is grown in the EPPO region, and there is no factor that would limit the spread until the entire endangered area is colonized. The EWG considered that the potential impact in the absence of phytosanitary measures would be high in the long term.&nbsp;</p><p><br></p><p>Phytosanitary Measures: Risk management options were determined for wood of Juglans and Pterocarya, particle wood and waste wood of deciduous species, and plants for planting of Juglans and Pterocarya. Wood packaging material should be treated according to ISPM 15. Scion wood of Juglans and bark of Juglans and Pterocarya were considered together with, respectively, plants for planting and particle wood and waste wood. Containment measures are in place in Veneto, Italy (Regione del Veneto, 2014a,b, 2015).</p><p><br></p><p>2021: This PRA document was modified in relation to the recommended distance for the establishment of a pest free area.</p>]]></description>
 <author id="2">
  <fullname>Muriel Suffert</fullname>
  <institute id="1">European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization</institute>
 </author>
 <tags>
  <tag>vector</tag>
  <tag>bark beetles</tag>
 </tags>
 <organisms>
  <organism eppocode="GEOHMO">Geosmithia morbida</organism>
  <organism eppocode="PITOJU">Pityophthorus juglandis</organism>
 </organisms>
 <hosts>
  <host eppocode="1IUGG">Juglans</host>
  <host eppocode="IUGAI">Juglans ailanthifolia</host>
  <host eppocode="IUGCA">Juglans californica</host>
  <host eppocode="IUGCI">Juglans cinerea</host>
  <host eppocode="IUGHI">Juglans hindsii</host>
  <host eppocode="IUGMA">Juglans major</host>
  <host eppocode="IUGMN">Juglans mandshurica</host>
  <host eppocode="IUGMI">Juglans microcarpa</host>
  <host eppocode="IUGNI">Juglans nigra</host>
  <host eppocode="IUGRE">Juglans regia</host>
  <host eppocode="PTFFR">Pterocarya fraxinifolia</host>
  <host eppocode="PTFRH">Pterocarya rhoifolia</host>
  <host eppocode="PTFST">Pterocarya stenoptera</host>
 </hosts>
 <praarea>
  <area isocode="9A">EPPO</area>
 </praarea>
 <files>
  <file type="1" size="2656048">
   <title>pra_exp_PITOJU_2021.pdf</title>
   <url>https://pra.eppo.int/getfile/23e4ed3e-b196-4187-b308-282c11773881</url>
  </file>
 </files>
</pra>
