For the first time, Amycosphaerella africana (synonym: Mycosphaerella africana) was described in South Africa. The fungus does not occur in Germany. A. africana was detected in Spain. So far, it is neither listed in the Annexes of Directive 2000/29/EC nor by EPPO. A. africana infests plants of the genus Citrus and is associated with a defoliation disease on Eucalyptus spp. After a latency period of several months, Citrus plants develop leaf spots. Defoliation is possible. So far, no crop loss and damage on the fruits is known. Due to unsuitable climatic conditions, it is assumed that the fungus is not able to establish outdoors in Germany. An establishment in southern EU-Member States in semiarid areas with Citrus-cultivation is possible and has already taken place in Spain. For plants in protected cultivation no damage is expected. Due to its low damage potential and the low availability of host plants as well as the unsuitable climatic conditions, A. africana does not present any phytosanitary risk for Germany. The current effects known in Spain indicate a low risk for other Member States. Thus, A. africana is not classified as a potential quarantine pest and § 4a of the Plant Inspection Order does not apply.