At the end of 2004, an outbreak of Phytophthora lateralis was detected at a tree nursery in the Netherlands. At that time, P. lateralis was a pathogen that was unknown to occur in the Netherlands. In Europe, it had only been reported from France (two outbreaks from one source) but those outbreaks had been reported to be eradicated. In 2010, a new outbreak was detected in the Netherlands which apparently had no link with the outbreak detected in 2004 nor with import of plants from other countries. The new outbreak raised the question if the pathogen might already be more widespread, also because P. lateralis gives similar symptoms as several other Phytophthora spp. which are established in the Netherlands. It was decided to make an update of the Pest Risk Assessment for the Netherlands which should especially focus on the impact of P. lateralis as compared to other Phytophthora species which are already present and fairly widespread and attack the same plant species as P. lateralis.