Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) was initially detected in the USA. Thus far, it is not described in Germany although it already occurs in several EU-MS. It is not listed in the Annexes of Dir. 2000/29/EC and was deleted from the EPPO A2-list in 1999. BSMV mainly infests barley and increasingly also wheat. It is assumed that due to suitable climatic conditions BSMV could establish outdoors in Germany. An establishment in other EU-MS is also possible and happened already with limited distribution. BSMV possibly might cause considerable damage but in general, the virus is of minor economic significance. Based on this risk analysis it is assumed that Barley stripe mosaic virus is able to establish in Germany or another Member State where it does not yet occur and possibly would be able to cause damage. Generally, infected plants should be destroyed and the seeds from infected lots should not be marketed.