The fungus Puccinia psidii did not occur in Germany and the European Union until now. The spores of the fungus can be spread widely by anemochory. Spread is also possible via adherent spores on vehicles, tools and persons. Presumably, its host range comprises the complete family of the Myrtaceae. From this family only myrtle (Myrtus communis) is endemic in the Mediterranean region. Up to now the pest is neither listed in the annexes of Directive 2000/29/EC nor on EPPO lists, but was on the EPPO Alert List from 1998 to 2003. In Germany plants of the genus of this family are of minor importance as potted plants. The expected damage in case of spread is limited to the dieback or a reduced marketing ability of ornamentals of the family Myrtaceae, f. e. myrtle, Callistemon (bottle brush), Eucalyptus. Eucalyptus is cultivated on the Iberian peninsula, in France, Morocco and Italy on app. 1.5 M. ha for the production of cellulose. The introduction into these countries could threaten its cultivation and considerable damage could be expected. This mainly concerns nurseries and plantations of young plants. Based on this risk analysis it has to be assumed that Puccinia psidii is able to establish in other Member States and cause considerable damage. Measures on the control and on the prevention of introduction of P. psidii should be met according to § 4a of the German Plant Inspection Order (PBVO), as f. e. the eradication of infested plants without the release of spores