The Red Neck Longhorn Beetle Aromia bungii is present in China and up to now neither established in Germany nor in the EU. Now it has been found in Bavaria for the first time. The number of bore holes and the description of the observed beetles (male and female) allow the conclusion that a population has established and that further infestation with oviposition in the neighbourhood is possible. Further spread can be expected unless suitable measures are taken because the climatic conditions are given and host plants are widespread in Germany and the EU. The larvae infest healthy trees and may cause dieback of young trees. Based on this risk analysis it has to be assumed that the beetle is able to establish in Germany or other Member States and could cause considerable damage. Hence, measures for the control and precautions against the spread of A. bungii should be taken according to § 4a of the German Plant Inspection Order (PBVO).